1. What are the 5 freedoms of the 1st amendment?
Freedom of religion, speech, petition, press, assembly.
2. What is the Tinker Standard?
Tinker vs. Des Moines School District (1969)
-Students wear black armbands in 1965 to protest the war
- Student speech cannot be censored as long as it does not "materially disrupt class work or involve substantial disorder or invasion of the rights of others."
- You don't shed your first amendment rights when you come to school.
3. What is the Frasier Standard?
Bethel School District vs. Fraser (1986)
- Innapropriate speech for class president
- Because school officials have an "interest in teaching the boundaries of socially appropriate behavior," they can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it does not cause a "material or substantial disruption."
4. What is the Hazelwood Standard?
Hazelwood School District vs. Kuhlmeier (1988)
- Censor stories in student newspaper about teen pregnacy and divorce
- Censorship of school-sponsored student expression is permissible when school officials can show that it is "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical (teaching) conderns."
5. What is the Frederick Standard?
Morse vs. Frederick (June 25, 2007)
- January 2002, Olympic torch travels through town
- Principal Morse cancels school
- Senior Frederick unveils banner on the sidewalk across street which reads "Bongs Hits 4 Jesus"
- Suspended for 10 days
6. What is the definition of libel?
New York Times Co. vs Sullivan (1964)
- Libel and slander are legal terms for false statements about a person that are printed, broadcasted, spoken or otherwise communicated to others. Libel is an untrue statement about another person that hurts another person's reputation. Libel is written or visual, whereas slander is spoken.
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